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　　In sows feed, * should be supplemented with sodium, chlorine, calcium, phosphorus and other mineral elements.

　　1、鹽

　　1. Salt

　　大多數(shù)植物性飼料中氯和鈉的含量都很低，所以豬飼料一般都加鹽。飼料中鈉、氯長(zhǎng)期缺乏會(huì)影響豬的食欲，影響豬的生長(zhǎng)和生產(chǎn)，降低飼料的利用效率。缺鹽的豬，常表現(xiàn)為舔豬圈、欄桿、啃土或爐灰等。異物。如果飼料中鹽的含量過(guò)多，供水不足，就會(huì)引起豬鹽中毒，主要表現(xiàn)為口渴、緊張、腹瀉、體弱、重可引起昏迷和死亡。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)豬吃了含鹽太多的食物，應(yīng)該給它們足夠的水，并立即用新的食物代替。目前，在我國(guó)用于喂豬的飼料中，有魚(yú)粉、肉粉、泔水和醬油渣等含鹽較多。因此，在給豬飼喂上述飼料時(shí)，應(yīng)減少豬日糧中鹽的添加。在母豬復(fù)合飼料中，鹽的添加量一般小于0.5%，可以滿(mǎn)足豬對(duì)鈉、氯元素的需求。

　　The content of chlorine and sodium in most plant feed is very low, so generally, salt is added to pig feed. The long-term lack of sodium and chlorine in feed will affect the appetite of pigs, the growth and production of pigs and the utilization efficiency of feed. The lack of salt of pigs, often manifested as licking pigsty, railings, gnawing soil or ashes. Foreign matter. If the salt content in the feed is too much and the water supply is not enough, it will cause salt poisoning in pigs, mainly manifested as thirst, tension, diarrhea, weakness and weight, which can cause coma and death. If pigs are found to eat too much salt, they should be given enough water and replaced with new food immediately. At present, there are more salt in the feed for pigs in China, such as fish meal, meat meal, swill and soy sauce residue. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of salt in pig diet when feeding pigs with the above feed. In sows compound feed, the amount of salt added is generally less than 0.5%, which can meet the needs of pigs for sodium and chlorine.

　　鈣和磷

　　Calcium and phosphorus

　　鈣和磷是豬骨骼的主要成分，也是細(xì)胞和體液的主要成分。豬飼料中鈣、磷的不足或過(guò)剩會(huì)對(duì)母豬生產(chǎn)造成不利影響。飼料中鈣和磷的長(zhǎng)期缺乏會(huì)使母豬在出生前和產(chǎn)后癱瘓。但是鈣和磷如果長(zhǎng)期過(guò)量也同樣有害。過(guò)多的這兩種物質(zhì)會(huì)干擾另一種物質(zhì)的吸收和使用。豬飼料以植物性飼料為主，應(yīng)補(bǔ)充鈣、磷。飼料中鈣、磷含量豐富，比例適宜，消化吸收利用率高。如添加魚(yú)粉、肉骨粉等，不僅能滿(mǎn)足豬生長(zhǎng)對(duì)蛋白質(zhì)的需求，還能滿(mǎn)足鈣、磷的需求。目前，有幾種飼料可以補(bǔ)充豬的鈣和磷。

　　Calcium and phosphorus are the main components of pig bones, cells and body fluids. The lack or excess of calcium and phosphorus in pig feed will cause adverse effects on sow production. The long-term lack of calcium and phosphorus in feed will paralyze sows before and after birth. But calcium and phosphorus are equally harmful if they are overdosed for a long time. Too much of these two substances can interfere with the absorption and use of the other. Pig feed is mainly plant feed, which should be supplemented with calcium and phosphorus. The content of calcium and phosphorus in feed is rich, the proportion is suitable, and the utilization rate of digestion and absorption is high. For example, adding fish meal, meat and bone meal can not only meet the protein requirements of pig growth, but also meet the needs of calcium and phosphorus. At present, there are several kinds of feeds that can supplement calcium and phosphorus of pigs.

　　2.1、骨粉、

　　2.1 bone meal

　　骨粉是通過(guò)脫脂、干燥和粉碎牲畜骨頭制成的。由于骨粉主要由鈣和磷組成，骨粉可以補(bǔ)充鈣和磷。骨粉中鈣的含量大約是磷的1.5 - -2.0倍,和鈣和磷的比例適用于豬的需求,這是一個(gè)很好的飼料和均衡的鈣和磷的比例,其中鈣的含量約占30.12%,磷的比例約占13.46%。

　　Bone meal is made by degreasing, drying and crushing livestock bones. Because bone meal is mainly composed of calcium and phosphorus, bone meal can supplement calcium and phosphorus. The content of calcium in bone meal is about 1.5-2.0 times that of phosphorus, and the proportion of calcium and phosphorus is suitable for the needs of pigs, which is a good feed and a balanced proportion of calcium and phosphorus, in which the content of calcium accounts for about 30.12% and the proportion of phosphorus accounts for about 13.46%.

　　2.2蛋殼和殼粉

　　2.2 eggshell and shell powder

　　蛋殼和蛋粉是將新鮮的蛋殼和蛋殼在干燥后磨碎制成的。蛋殼粉中鈣的含量在30%以上。貝殼粉的主要成分是碳酸鈣，鈣的含量也在30%以上。蛋殼和殼粉只能作為鈣的補(bǔ)充飼料。

　　The eggshell and the egg powder are made by grinding the fresh eggshell and the eggshell after drying. The content of calcium in eggshell powder is more than 30%. The main component of shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the content of calcium is more than 30%. Eggshell and shell powder can only be used as supplementary feed for calcium.

　　2.3磷酸氫鈣

　　2.3 calcium Hydrophosphate

　　磷酸二鈣也被稱(chēng)為磷酸氫鈣。其成分主要是磷和鈣，一般含磷18%以上，含鈣23%以上。補(bǔ)充磷酸二鈣對(duì)豬鈣、磷效果很好。

　　Dicalcium phosphate is also known as Dicalcium Phosphate. Its components are mainly phosphorus and calcium, generally containing more than 18% phosphorus and 23% calcium. Dicalcium phosphate supplementation has a good effect on calcium and phosphorus in pigs.