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　　The difference between feed and feed additive is mainly reflected in the composition, especially the performance difference of feed product is more obvious. Assuming that the feed product has sufficient nutrition and reasonable distribution, the benefits of improving pigs can be greatly increased. What is the important nutritional composition of pig feed?

　　1. 氨基酸:

　　1. Amino acid:

　　氨基酸是蛋白質(zhì)的基本組成部分，可分為必需組和非必需組。必需氨基酸是那些在豬體內(nèi)不能形成或以緩慢的速度形成，不能滿足豬的需要，必須用飼料喂養(yǎng)的氨基酸。豬必需的氨基酸有10種，即賴氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、精氨酸、蘇氨酸、纈氨酸、組氨酸、亮氨酸、異亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸。目前我國飼料原料日糧中賴氨酸、蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、蘇氨酸和色氨酸相對(duì)缺乏，降低了飼料利用率和動(dòng)物消費(fèi)功能。

　　Amino acids are the basic components of protein, which can be divided into essential group and nonessential group. Essential amino acids are those that cannot be formed in pigs or at a slow rate and cannot meet the needs of pigs. They must be fed with feed. There are 10 essential amino acids for pigs, namely lysine, methionine, tryptophan, arginine, threonine, valine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine. At present, the relative lack of lysine, methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan in China's feed feedstuff diet reduces feed utilization and animal consumption.

　　嗎?

　　Is it?

　　2. 維生素:

　　2. Vitamins:

　　維生素是促進(jìn)蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物和脂肪代謝以及保持豬的健康、生長和正常繁殖所必需的有機(jī)化合物。它分為脂溶性維生素和水溶性維生素，脂溶性維生素含有A、D、E和K，水溶性維生素含有B族維生素和維生素c。飲食中缺乏維生素可能導(dǎo)致生長異常、生長緩慢、抗病能力減弱和生殖功能下降。

　　Vitamin is an organic compound necessary for promoting the metabolism of protein, carbohydrate and fat as well as maintaining the health, growth and normal reproduction of pigs. It is divided into fat soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. Fat soluble vitamins contain a, D, e and K, while water-soluble vitamins contain B group vitamins and vitamin C. Lack of vitamins in diet may lead to abnormal growth, slow growth, weakened disease resistance and decreased reproductive function.

　　3.礦物性質(zhì)的分類及其影響:

　　3. Classification and influence of mineral properties:

　　礦物礦物分為主要礦物元素和次要礦物元素。主要礦物元素包括鈣、磷、鈉、鉀、鎂、氯和硫。微量礦物元素包括銅、鐵、鋅、錳等。礦物質(zhì)元素是動(dòng)物骨骼和血液以及正常生長和繁殖所必需的。

　　Mineral minerals are divided into main mineral elements and minor mineral elements. The main mineral elements include calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine and sulfur. Trace mineral elements include copper, iron, zinc, manganese, etc. Mineral elements are necessary for animal bones and blood as well as for normal growth and reproduction.

　　4. 膳食能量蛋白(賴氨酸)比例的重要性:

　　4. The importance of dietary energy protein (lysine) ratio:

　　豬通常用飼料來滿足它們的能量需求。當(dāng)食物的能量含量增加時(shí)，食物的攝入量就會(huì)減少，其他營養(yǎng)素的攝入量也會(huì)減少。因此，當(dāng)能量增加導(dǎo)致采食量減少時(shí)，必須維持能量-蛋白質(zhì)(賴氨酸)比率，并增加飲食中其他營養(yǎng)素的濃度。

　　Pigs often use feed to meet their energy needs. When the energy content of food increases, the intake of food will decrease, and the intake of other nutrients will also decrease. Therefore, when the increase of energy leads to the decrease of food intake, it is necessary to maintain the ratio of energy to protein (LAI) and increase the concentration of other nutrients in the diet.

　　5. 飲食中鈣磷比例的意義是什么?

　　5. What is the significance of calcium phosphorus ratio in diet?

　　飲食中鈣和磷的適當(dāng)比例對(duì)它們的吸收和利用很重要。鈣磷比例不適當(dāng)會(huì)降低其吸收速率，減緩生長速率和骨鈣化。

　　The proper proportion of calcium and phosphorus in diet is very important for their absorption and utilization. The inappropriate ratio of calcium and phosphorus will reduce the absorption rate, slow down the growth rate and bone calcification.